Monthly Archives: July 2016

Inpatient Reminders This Past Week

Admission Orders: Level of care must agree

  • The level of care must agree between the Request for Admit (placed by ED) and Admit to Inpatient (placed by admitting team) orders while the patient is boarding in the ED.  If one of these is not correct, re-order it. Don’t cancel the prior order.
  • If changing the level of care while still boarding in the ED, place a new Request for Admit and Admit to Inpatient order with the new level of care. Don’t cancel the prior orders. Let the nurse and bed control know.

Admit order

Inpatient Lab Orders: Time it right

  • Routine Lab Collection times: 0000, 0400, 1000, 1300, 1700, 2100
    Labs with an order time set after one of these times will be rolled over to the next collection time.  So if you need “PM Labs”, set a Routine priority at 1700 or 2100.
  • Avoid using the Timed Routine lab priority.
  • Do not use the Label comment field or Order Comments to communicate to the Lab/Phlebotomy. They cannot see this information when drawing labs.  Instead, call Phlebotomy to let them know if special instructions, e.g. “Please use pediatric tubes”

Remember the Required Provider Note Details

  • Remember to fill out the Required Provider Note Information for every patient, every day in the hospital before you write your progress or procedure note

Procedure Note - Required Details

Choose the right Note Type, Correct it before you sign

  • Remember to choose the correct Note Type when creating your note.
  • If you initially selected the wrong Note Type, you can change it by clicking the blue hyperlink at the bottom of the note before you sign it.

Update Change Note Type

Write the right information on the Discharge Summary

  • Discharge Medication List: The auto-populated “Home” Medications should be the same as the Discharge Medications.
    Make sure to do the Med Rec prior to creating the note, or clicking the little refresh button in the Mediation section to update the list.
  • Hospital Course: Summarize the hospital course by problem.  A summary is a synthesis of the findings, assessment and course, including rationale to explain events or course of action
  • Discharge Plan/Follow-up: Be succinct! This includes the plan for the patient and follow-up.  Deleting the problem list in this section is okay. A bulleted list of plans is okay.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Highlighted_Liver_crop

Thank you Dr. Reynolds for an excellent presentation on drug-induced liver injury

Teaching Points

  • Patterns of abnormal LFTS
    • Hepatocellular: high AST/ALT w/mild elevation in alk phos
    • Cholestatic: High alk phos w/ mild AST/ALT
  • Causes of hepatocellular injurry
    • Alcohol: AST elevation greater than ALT
    • Viral: ALT elevation greater than AST
    • NAFLD/NASH: AST to ALT ratio typically 1
    • Toxins: NSAIDS, abx, statins, anti-epileptic drugs
    • Hereditary/autoimmune: hemochromatosis, autoimmune hepatitis, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson’s disease
    • Shock: high elevations in AST/ALT
    • Non-hepatic causes: muscle disorders, thyroid issues, celiac disease, adrenal insufficiency, anorexia

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Atrial Fibrillation

Thank you Dr. Feng for an excellent presentation on the management of atrial fibrillation in the setting of acute de-compensated heart failure

Teaching Points

  • Important components of management: hemodynamic stability, rate control, anti-coagulation
  • Rate control agents: beta blockers, calcium channel blockers (not preferred in HF), digoxin and amiodarone (also an anti-arrhythmic)
  • Antiarrhythmics for afib are Class IC or III
    • IC: flecainide, propafeonone
    • III: amiodarone, dronedarone, sotalol, dofetilide
  • Anti-coagulation: indicated if CHADSVASc ≥ 2 (warfarin or newer agents, ie apixaban or rivaroxaban)

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Be Prepared: ORCHID Downtime Scheduled Sunday, July 10 at 9pm

ORCHID is undergoing its first major upgrade this coming weekend, which will require downtime.  That means the EHR across DHS will not be available for normal orders, documentation, and results review.  Downtime is scheduled to start Sunday, July 10 at 9pm and end Monday, July 11 at 5am.

What do you need to know?  Depending on your clinical duties, please review the following.  I will be available Sunday night to ensure appropriate procedures.

If you are caring for inpatients, prepare beforehand and ensure recovery is accurately performed first thing Monday morning.

If you are working during downtime, review and be ready to perform downtime procedures (e.g. for order entry and admissions) and recovery procedures.

If you are returning to Monday outpatient, ORCHID should be up and running.

Two important resources:

 

Timeline

Preparation:

  • Sunday Afternoon – Prepare for downtime by prepping patients list, placing electronic orders, and completing daily documentation.
  • 17:00 – Finish placing electronic medication orders (as best as possible)
  • 19:00 – Finish placing electronic laboratory orders (as best as possible)

Downtime:

  • 21:00 – Downtime starts. Follow downtime procedures, and use designated 724Access workstations to review patient charts (read only access)
  • 21:30 – Level 1 724Access is available on all ORCHID workstations for chart review (read only access)

Recovery:

  • 05:00 – ORCHID goes live with upgrades. Begin Recovery.
  • Monday Morning – Ensure recovery is completed, e.g. electronic back-entry of uncompleted orders, verification of back-entry, back-entry of notes.

 

PREPARATION

  • Orders
    • Place medication orders by 17:00 if possible.
    • Place laboratory orders (including AM labs for the next day) by 19:00 if possible.
    • Continue electronic order entry up until downtime at 21:00.
  • Patient Lists
    • Print your sign-out and/or patient list before 21:00.
  • Notes
    • Sign daily notes by 21:00. For uncompleted notes, make a back-up copy, and sign the note during Recovery.

DOWNTIME

724Workstation

  • Chart Review & 724Access
    • 724Access allows you to access patient charts with information from the last 10 days and upcoming 3 days only. Check your email for the generic username and password. A 724Access workstation is located in each inpatient nursing unit and ED pod.
    • Other ORCHID workstations will have special Level 1 724Access starting 21:30. Log in with your own username and password.
  • New Vitals, I/O’s, POCT Results, Medication Administration
    • These data will be recorded on paper by the nurse.
  • New Lab Results
    • STAT and Critical results will be called and/or faxed to the nurse. The nurse should verbally relay the result to you.
    • Other lab results will be printed and sorted in the Laboratory. To review the results, go to the 1st Floor Laboratory, enter with door code 24069, and search by patient name for a printout of your result.
  • New Radiology Results
    • New studies will be limited to STAT and Critical studies.
    • Reads may be limited to STAT studies and Critical results.  The Nighthawk is available for verbal communication.  Prelim reads/dictations will be placed in Synapse.  To review, open Synapse from your workstation desktop – don’t link to Synapse from ORCHID.
  • New Orders
    • All orders during downtime must be handwritten.  Please remember that all blocks of orders require your name, signature, date, time, and at least two patient identifiers (stickers with name, DOB, MRN).
    • Use designated order forms.  These are available from the OV Intranet > ORCHID Portal > Downtime Forms, or Intranet > Forms > OVMC > Medical Record Forms.
    • Place completed orders in the patient’s hard chart and place it in the designated orders bin/rack for the unit clerk/nurse to process (like old times!).  In the ED, place written orders in the designated bin in the ED pod. Be sure to alert the nurse and clerk about any STAT orders.
    • Keep track of placed orders because uncompleted orders will need to be re-entered electronically during recovery! Nonessential orders (e.g. orders that do not need to be carried out during downtime) can likely wait until recovery.
    • TIPS on handwritten orders: Use a pen with blue or black ink and medium thickness. Write clearly and legibly for others to read. If you make an error, use a single strikethrough to cross-out the error AND sign-date-and-time the correction. Avoid banned abbreviations.
  • New Documentation
    • Handwrite notes on physician Progress Note forms.  You must sign, date, and time all pages of notes. All pages must have patient identifiers (stickers).  Consider typing and saving your note in another place (e.g. Word), so that you can copy-and-paste your note into ORCHID during recovery.
  • New Admissions
    • Use the designated downtime General Admission form.  Follow procedures for placing new orders.  In the ED, place orders in the designated bin in the Pod for the nurse/clerk to process.
  • New Discharges
    • Limit discharges if reasonable.  Discharges require Patient Instructions (use the form) and the Discharge Order set.
  • Do not discard any written notes or orders. Leave them in the hard chart. These remain part of the permanent chart.

RECOVERY

  • Orders Placed During Downtime
    • For inpatients: Back-enter all ongoing/incomplete orders or changes to ongoing orders, except completed lab orders, completed radiology orders, or medications that were previously ordered on paper.  Orders that should be back-entered include the following:
      • Admit to Inpatient along with MED General Admit order set
      • Transfer order
      • Resuscitation status
      • Isolation status
      • Allergies
      • Diet
      • Restraints
    • The following will be back-entered by other services:
      • Medications (updated by Pharmacy)
      • Hold status (updated by Psychiatry)
      • Request for Admit from the ED (updated by the ED)
      • Place in Observation from the ED (updated by the ED)
  • Documentation Requiring Back-Entry
    • Back-enter all History & Physicals, Discharge Summaries, Ambulatory Provider Notes, and Procedure Notes electronically into ORCHID.
  • Vitals and I/O’s During Downtime
    • For downtime <4 hours, the nurse will back-enter these results
    • For downtime >4 hours, the nurse will back-enter at least the most recent results
  • POCT Results During Downtime
    • Results will be uploaded into ORCHID
  • Medication Administration During Downtime
    • The clinician who administered the medication should back-enter those meds into the MAR
  • New Orders and Notes
    • Resume normal workflows involving electronic order entry and documentation.
  • The recovery process must be completed within 24 hours!
  • Do not discard any written notes or orders. Leave them in the hard chart. These remain part of the permanent chart.

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Glomerulonephritis

Thank you Dr. Jang for an excellent presentation on granulomatosis with polyangiitis presenting as lower extremity edema from renal involvement.

Teaching Points:

  • GPA can involve multiple organs including nasal ulcers, cartiglage destruction, tracheal stenosis, alveolar hemorrhage, glomerulonephritis, leukoclastic angiitis
  • Diagnosis is made by biopsy and positive ANCA
  • Treatment involves 2 components: induction of remission and maintenance to prevent relapse.  Induction is with steroids and rituximab or cyclophosphamide.  Maintenance regimens include methoetrexate, azathioprine, rituximab, and tapering of glucocortidoids.

Further Reading:
Ritximab vs Cyclophosphamide for ANCA – Associated Vasculitis (RAVE trial)
Rituximab vs Azathioprine for Maintenance in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis (MAINRITSAN trial)
Azathioprine or Methotrexate Maintenance for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis (WEGENT trial)